A. Faalian; H. Ansari; S.A.A. Sadredini
Abstract
Abstract
A model based on Fuzzy Logic has been developed to simulate the distribution pattern of a single sprinkler. A Nelson R3000 sprayer with rotator pad and water application angle of 360o which is one of the most common types of center pivot and linear move sprinklers was selected. Several field ...
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Abstract
A model based on Fuzzy Logic has been developed to simulate the distribution pattern of a single sprinkler. A Nelson R3000 sprayer with rotator pad and water application angle of 360o which is one of the most common types of center pivot and linear move sprinklers was selected. Several field experiments according to the ISO-8026 and ASAE-S398.1 standards were performed to assess the water distribution pattern in no-wind and windy conditions at the Research Center of Agricultural Faculty, University of Tabriz-Iran. Results of thirty reliable experiments were used to educate & validate the model. Minimum and maximum wind speeds recorded under the field conditions were 0.57 and 7.41 ms-1, respectively. In order to comparative analyze between simulated values and observations several statistical criteria like R2, CD, EF, CRM, MAE and RRMSE were used. For the training dataset the average values of R2 and RRMSE were achieved 0.98 and 0.257, respectively. Also the values of parameters R2 and RRMSE for the validation dataset were calculated 0.96 and 0.34 respectively. As well as the other above mentioned statistical parameters for both training dataset and validation dataset were found satisfactory. To make the results practical a model was developed as a MATLAB m-file, using Fuzzy Logic that takes wind velocity and direction as the inputs and could simulate the distribution pattern of single sprinkler and have ability to display graphical and Excel file of results. With the statistical comparisons between simulated water distributions patterns with observed ones it was finally concluded that Fuzzy model had excellent ability to simulate the water distribution pattern.
Keywords: Water Distribution Pattern, Single Sprinkler, Fuzzy Logic, Simulation, Center Pivot
S.M. Soleimanpour; M. Soufi; H. Rahimi
Abstract
Abstract
Gully erosion is a kind of water erosion that has high priority in Fars Province due to sediment production and enormous damages to land, roads and infrastructures. In this study, 15 gullies were selected and their morphometric characteristics, such as catchment area, soil, cover vegetation ...
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Abstract
Gully erosion is a kind of water erosion that has high priority in Fars Province due to sediment production and enormous damages to land, roads and infrastructures. In this study, 15 gullies were selected and their morphometric characteristics, such as catchment area, soil, cover vegetation and climate were measured. In order to determine influential factors on the sediment production and gully development, relationship between gully volume as dependent variable and gully characteristics such as, length, width, depth and watershed characteristics such as area, slope, form factor, particle size, vegetation cover and maximum raining during 24 hour as independent variables were analyzed by using step wise method in SPSS (recipe 13) software. The results revealed that sediment production due to gully development was related to five variables of clay, sand, silt, slope and cover vegetation of the watershed above the gully heads. This result implied on the impact of the characteristics of soil, geology and watershed on the sediment production of gullies. Impact of soil and geologic factors indicated were more important than watershed characteristics. Investigation on the topographic threshold indicated that positive environmental than exponent implied that sub surface runoff is dominant on gully development. These results also indicate the impact of field observations proved the dominance of subsurface acting due to tunneling the geological formation on the gullies sediment yield.
Keywords: Gully Erosion, Sediment Yield, Topographic Threshold, Konartakhte, Fars Province
