Management and Simulation of the Latian Multi-purpose Reservoir Dam and Its Performance Evaluation Based on the Operation Policy on Daily Time Scale

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

• M. Babaei
• M.T. Sattari

Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.2023.81012.1252

Abstract

Introduction
Development of reservoirs helps to meet food and energy needs by supplying water for agriculture and hydropower plants. Efficient management of water resources is important and vital to overcome the problems of water leakage and meet agricultural, industrial and drinking needs. Each of these requirements creates limitations in the way the reservoir is operated, which requires accurate information on the changes in the reservoir storage and other influential components during the operation period. In order to manage and plan water resources at country scale, using reservoir simulation models as a suitable tool in simulating processes related to dams, such as the operation of water reservoirs, will be very effective. Reservoir simulation models such as the HEC-ResSim model provide the opportunity to simulate the natural and hydrological processes related to the water resources system and the relationships between the supply and demand sectors by implementing a schematic structure of a real reservoir. Two scenarios of water savings of 20 and 30 percent were used in the current investigation.  Additionally, using this method, the objectives of water resource management can be assessed.
Materials and Methods
In the present study, the use of the Latian reservoir in real conditions was simulated using the HEC-ResSim model. The simulation was carried out according to the river's inflow from 1968 to 2018, downstream water needs, energy production capacity by turbines, physical characteristics and reservoir building. The implementation of the HEC-ResSim model is summarized in three steps. The Watershed Setup module is used to introduce the general outline of the watershed. In this module, the shape and geographical location of the basin and related elements such as rivers, reservoirs, hydrometric stations and other projects in it should be specified. The Reservoir Network module is used to introduce the desired reservoir network and to enter the physical characteristics and how to use them. The Simulation module is designed to introduce the simulation period and display the model outputs.  In this module, the simulation time and period and the operation pattern should be determined.
Results and Discussion
According to the results obtained from the reservoir simulation model, the average storage capacity of Latian dam for the simulation period was estimated to be 41 million cubic meters, which shows a significant drop of 49% compared to the normal level (83 million cubic meters). Additionally, for the same period, it was estimated that the average discharge was equivalent to 5.4 cubic meters per second and the average inflow to the reservoir of the Latian dam was equal to 5.7 cubic meters per second. This is in contrast to the period's average demand, which for the area downstream of the Latian Dam is 12.1 cubic meters. The findings indicate that the reservoir of the dam frequently, and particularly at the conclusion of the simulation period, is unable to satisfy the needs of the downstream. Additionally, according to the findings of the current study, the Latian dam power plant's (Kalan) average annual hydro-electric energy production was projected to be 68,000 MWh, and the results show that in accordance with the policy of operating the Latian dam in the majority ofthe years, the Kalan power plant is able to supply the electricity required in the study area. According to the results, the average reservoir volume of Latian dam for the entire period in the first and second scenario was estimated to be 49 and 63 million cubic meters, respectively. Also, by applying the first and second water saving scenarios, the Latian dam reservoir will be able to generate 66,000 and 63,000 MWh of energy annually.
Conclusion
In this study, the functioning and operation of the Latian dam reservoir was used by applying the Hec-ResSim reservoir simulation model. After entering data such as the elevation and length of the dam, surface-volume-elevation curve, evaporation from the surface of the reservoir, elevation and uncontrolled outlet coefficient, dam storage areas, rule curve, were simulated by the model. In the present study, the values of inactive volume and conservation volume of Latian Dam were estimated as 28 and 83 million cubic meters, respectively. The average water release of Latian dam for the first and second 25 years of operation was equal to 6.1 and 3.7 cubic meters per second, respectively, which met 50 and 32% of the downstream demand on average. The results indicate that the success rate of Latian dam in supplying drinking, industry and downstream environment for the period of operation is 42%. Also, 16 years out of 50 years of operation, Kalan hydropower plant has fully met 100% of the needs. On average, the large power plant is able to provide 80% of the energy needs of the study area for the entire simulation period.
 

Keywords

• Energy production
• HEC-ResSim model
• Reservoir operation
• Reservoir storage changes
• Water saving

20.1001.1.20084757.1402.37.3.2.5

Main Subjects

• Irrigation

References

1. Babazadeh, H., Sedghi, H., Kaveh, F., & Jahromi, H. M. (2007, March). Performance evaluation of Jiroft storage dam operation using HEC-RESSIM 2.0. In Eleventh International Water Technology Conference (pp. 449-459).
2. Bazzi, H., Ebrahimi, H., & Aminnejad, B. (2021). A comprehensive statistical analysis of evaporation rates under climate change in Southern Iran using WEAP (Case study: Chahnimeh Reservoirs of Sistan Plain). Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 12(2), 1339-1352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2020.08.030
3. Behrangi, F., Banihashemi, M.A., Mahani, S., & Rahmanian, M.R. (2014). Sediment settling in the Latian Dam in Iran. International Journal of Sediment Research, 29(2), 208-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-6279(14)60037-8
4. Chandel, A., Shankar, V., & Jaswal, S. (2022). Employing HEC-ResSim 3.1 for Reservoir Operation and Decision Making. In Boundary Layer Flows-Modelling, Computation, and Applications of Laminar, Turbulent Incompressible and Compressible Flows. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101673
5. Cochrane, T.A., Arias, M.E., Teasley, R.L., & Killeen, T.J. (2010). Simulated changes in water flows of the Mekong River from potential dam development and operations on the Se San and Sre Pok tributaries.
6. Emadi, A., & Khademi, M. (2011). Reservoir Operation Rule Curve of Doroodzan Dam using Yield Model. Water and Soil, 25(5). (In Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.v0i--.11217
7. Hatamkhani, A., Shourian, M., & Moridi, A. (2021). Optimal Design and Operation of a Hydropower Reservoir Plant Using a WEAP-Based Simulation–Optimization Approach. Water Resources Management, 35(5), 1637-1652. mailto:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-021-02821-7
8. IWRMC (Iran Water Resources Management Company) (2013) Report of alt Lake watershed. Water resources balance report of the Lavasanat study area.Yekom Consulting Engineers Company. (In Persian)
9. IWRMC (Iran Water Resources Management Company), (2015). Zoning of eco-hydrological sustainability status Of dams and hydro-electric power plants downstream with the purpose of determining the minimum environmental water requirements, using integrated SMCE and CEQUALW2 Models (Case study: Latian dam of Tehran province), R-1276695. (In Persian)
10. Mahmood, R. (2013). Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Water Resources and Hydropower in the Jhelum River Basin, Pakistan (Doctoral dissertation, Asian Institute of Technology).
11. Mihankhah, N., Chizari, A., & Khalilian, S. (2012). Optimum Operational Management from Surface Water Resources with Application Dynamic Programming. Journal Of Agricultural Economics and Development, 26(4), 244-251. (In Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22067/jead2.v1391i4.19893
12. Modini, C. (2010). Using HEC-ResSim for Columbia River treaty flood control. In 2nd Joint Federal Interagency Conference, Las Vegas, NV, US Army Corps of Engineers, Hydrologic Engineering Center, Water Resource Systems Division, Davis, CA.
13. Munir, M.M., Shakir, A.S., Rehman, H.U., Khan, N.M., Rashid, M.U., Tariq, M.A.U.R., & Sarwar, M.K. (2022). Simulation-optimization of tarbela reservoir operation to enhance multiple benefits and to achieve sustainable development goals. Water, 14(16), 2512. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14162512
14. Oli, H.B., Patra, J.P., & Mishra, S.K. (2019). Nalgad dam and reservoir operation simulation using Hec-Ressim model for hydropower generation. Advance and Innovative Research, 27.
15. Saab, S.M., Othman, F.B., Tan, C.G., Allawi, M.F., & El-Shafie, A. (2022). Review on generating optimal operation for dam and reservoir water system: simulation models and optimization algorithms. Applied Water Science, 12(4), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-022-01593-8
16. Sattari, M. T., Apaydin, H., & ÖZTÜRK, F. (2013). Stochastic operation analysis of irrigation reservoir in low-flow conditions: a case study from Eleviyan Reservoir, Iran. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37(5), 613-622. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1210-89
17. Taghian, M. (2016). Estimating the optimal capacity for reservoir dam based on reliability level for meeting demands. Water and Soil, 30(3), 672-684. (In Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.v30i3.34436
18. Uysal, G., Aynur Şensoy, A., Arda Şorman, M., Cansaran, E., & Emmanuel, R. (2014). Evaluation of reservoir model integration with deterministic and probabilistic streamflow forecasts."
19. Yoon, Y., Beighley, E., Lee, H., Pavelsky, T., & Allen, G. (2016). Estimating flood discharges in reservoir-regulated river basins by integrating synthetic SWOT satellite observations and hydrologic modeling. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 21(4), 05015030. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001320
20. Zhao, G., Gao, H., Naz, B.S., Kao, S.C., & Voisin, N. (2016). Integrating a reservoir regulation scheme into a spatially distributed hydrological model. Advances in Water Resources, 98, 16-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2016.10.014