ارزیابی تاثیر مواد آلی بر توابع نمره دهی کیفیت خاک

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• حجت امامی
• علیرضا آستارایی
• امیر فتوت

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.v0i0.22840

چکیده

کیفیت خاک اهمیت زیادی در ارزیابی وضعیت حاصلخیزی و فیزیکی خاک دارد و در تعیین آن باید ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک لحاظ شود. این پژوهش جهت بررسی تاثیر مواد آلی بر مقادیر کمی کیفیت خاک انجام شد. بدین منظور سه سطح (15، 30 و 60 تن در هکتار) از ترکیبات مختلف ماده آلی شامل کمپوست زباله شهری، لجن فاضلاب، کود گاوی، کاه و کلش گندم به همراه تیمار شاهد در سه تکرار به خاک لومی اضافه شدند و به مدت شش ماه در 70 درصد رطوبت ظرفیت زارعی در گلخانه نگهداری شدند. سپس کیفیت خاک با استفاده از 14 شاخص فیزیکی و شیمیایی و بر اساس تابع نمره دهی غیرخطی تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد که نمره تیمار شاهد 7/52 بود و کیفیت خاک در کلاس 4 یعنی پایین قرار داشت. افزودن مواد آلی مختلف، سبب بهبود کیفیت خاک شد و کلاس کیفیت خاک بین یک یا دو درجه ارتقاء یافت. در بین تیمارهای مورد بررسی بیشترین میزان در بهبود کیفیت خاک در نتیجه افزودن 60 تن در هکتار لجن فاضلاب و سطوح 30 و 60 تن در هکتار کمپوست به دست آمد. افزودن سایر تیمارهای مواد آلی نیز باعث افزایش مقادیر کمی کیفیت خاک نسبت به شاهد و ارتقاء کلاس کیفیت خاک به میزان یک درجه شد. در بین شاخصهای مورد بررسی، عناصر آهن، منگنز، روی، تخلخل تهویه ای و میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه ها از مهمترین عوامل تضعیف کننده کیفیت خاک در تیمار شاهد بودند، که افزودن کمپوست و لجن فاضلاب سبب افزایش نمره آنها شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• کاه و کلش گندم
• کمپوست
• کود گاوی
• کیفیت خاک
• لجن فاضلاب

20.1001.1.20084757.1393.28.3.12.2

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the effect of organic matter on soil quality score functions

نویسندگان [English]

• H. Emami
• A.R. Astaraei
• A. Fotovat

Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

Soil quality is important for evaluating the soil fertility and physical condition. Soil physical and chemical indicators should be regarded for determining the soil quality. This research was conducted to study the effect of organic matter on quantitative value of soil quality. Three level (15, 30, and 60 ton/ha) of different organic compounds including municipal waste compost, sewage sludge, cattle manure, and wheat straw to gether with control treatment in three replications were applied into loamy soil. The treated soils were kept for 6 months at 70% of field capacity moisture in greenhouse condition. Then soil quality determined based on non-linear score function by using of 14 physical and chemical indicators. The results showed that the score of control treatment was 52.7, which it belong to class 4, i.e. low quality. Addition of different organic matter into studied soil led to improve soil quality score and soil quality class was increased one to 2 degrees. Among the studied treatments, the highest score of soil quality was obtained in 60 ton/ha sewage sludge and 30 and 60 ton/ha compost. Also, addition the other organic treatments cause to increase the quantitative soil quality score in relation to control, and soil quality class increased one degree. Among the studied indicators, iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) micro-nutrients, aeration porosity (AC), and mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD) were the important limiting indictors in degrading the soil quality in control treatment, and applying the compost and sewage sludge increased their scores.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Cattle manure
• Compost
• Sewage sludge
• Soil quality
• Wheat straw

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