اثرهای روی و فسفر بر غلظت عناصر غذایی، نشاسته و قندهای احیایی غده سیب زمینی در شرایط با و بدون تنش کمبود آب

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• رحیم مطلبی فرد ¹
• نصرت اله نجفی ²
• شاهین اوستان ²

¹ مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان

² دانشگاه تبریز

https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.v30i2.39588

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی تأثیر سطوح رطوبت خاک، روی و فسفر بر ترکیب شیمیایی و غلظت عناصر غذایی غده سیب زمینی (Solanum tuberosum L.) رقم آگریا به صورت فاکتوریل با طرح پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی و با سه عامل در شرایط گلخانه‌ای اجرا شد. در این آزمایش سطوح روی شامل مقادیر 0، 10 و 20 میلی گرم روی بر کیلوگرم خاک، سطوح فسفر شامل مقادیر 0، 30 و 60 میلی گرم فسفر بر کیلوگرم خاک و سطوح رطوبت خاک شامل سه سطح (FC-FC9/0، FC8/0- FC7/0 و FC6/0- FC5/0) بود. در پایان دوره رشد، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد غده تعیین و غلظت قندهای احیایی در بافت تازه و غلظت نشاسته، نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، منیزیم، سدیم، آهن، منگنز و روی در ماده خشک غده سیب زمینی تعیین شد. با کاهش رطوبت خاک غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر و قندهای احیایی غده افزایش ولی غلظت سدیم، منیزیم، آهن و نشاسته آن کاهش یافت (05/0>p). با این حال، کاهش رطوبت خاک بر غلظت پتاسیم و روی غده تأثیر معنی داری نداشت. مصرف 20 میلی گرم Zn بر کیلوگرم خاک باعث افزایش غلظت نشاسته، سدیم، آهن و روی غده شد (05/0>p) ولی بر غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم و منیزیم تأثیر معنی داری نداشت. مصرف 60 میلی گرم فسفر بر کیلوگرم خاک باعث کاهش غلظت نیتروژن و افزایش غلظت نشاسته، قندهای احیایی و فسفر غده شد (05/0>p) ولی بر غلظت پتاسیم، منیزیم، سدیم، آهن و روی غده تأثیر معنی داری نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• تنش خشکی
• رطوبت خاک
• کیفیت غده سیب زمینی

20.1001.1.20084757.1395.30.2.13.5

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Zinc and Phosphorus on Nutrients, Starch and Reducing Sugar Concentrations of Potato Tubers under with or without Water Deficit Stress

نویسندگان [English]

• rahim motalebifard ¹
• Nosratollah Najafi ²
• Shahin Oustan ²

¹ Assistant Professor, Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Research and Education Center

² University of Tabriz

چکیده [English]

Introduction: In natural environments, plants are subjected to biotic (insects, bacteria, fungi, and viruses) and abiotic (light, temperature, water availability, nutrients, and soil structure) stresses that can have negative effect on growth, metabolism, and yield. Among these, drought is a major abiotic factor that limits agricultural crop production. Potato production has fourth rank in the world after rice, wheat, and maize with the production of 321 million tons from 19.6 million hectares. By about 3 percent of cultivation area, potato had 7.2 percent of total agricultural production (5.57 million tons) in our country (Iran). Limited studies have been conducted on the interactive effects of Zn and P on potato tubers quality under water deficit conditions.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted for evaluating the effects of soil moisture, phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) levels on the chemical composition and nutrients content of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Agria) as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three factors under greenhouse conditions. The study was performed with factors of Zn at three levels (0, 10 and 20 mg Zn per kg dry soil as ZnSO4.7H2O), P at three levels (0, 30 and 60 mg P per kg dry soil as Ca(H2PO4)2.H2O (monocalcium phosphate)) and soil moisture at three levels (0.5FC-0.6FC, 0.7FC-0.8FC and 0.9FC-FC) using three replications and 81 pots. The soil moisture levels were imposed three weeks from the flowering (64th day) until harvest (85th day after planting). After imposing of soil moisture levels and at the harvest, the yield and yield components, reducing sugars concentration in fresh weight by di- nitro phenol method (Mostofi and Najafi, 2005) and starch by Antron method (Mostofi and Najafi, 2005), N, P, K, Mg, Na, Fe and Zn concentrations in dried potato tubers were measured. Data were subjected to analysis of variance as factorial 3×3×3 with n=3 by using MSTATC software. Duncan's multiple range tests at p≤0.05 probability level was applied to compare the mean values of measured attributes. The Excel software was used to draw Figures.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that water deficit significantly affected most of qualitative attributes and nutrients concentration of potato Tuber N, P and reducing sugar concentrations were significantly increased (p

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Drought stress
• Quality of Potato Tuber
• Soil Moisture

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