بررسی تأثیر تلقیح میکروبی بر فسفرکارایی ارقام مختلف جو در استفاده از سنگ فسفات

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• رقیه موسوی ¹
• ابراهیم سپهر ¹
• عباس صمدی ¹
• میرحسن رسولی صدقیانی ²
• بهزاد صادق زاده ³

¹ دانشگاه ارومیه

² ؟

³ استادیار سازمان تحقیقات

https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.v29i6.25063

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر تلقیح میکروبی بر فسفر کارایی ارقام مختلف جو،آزمایشی گلخانه ای بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 10 رقم جو و تیمارهای مختلف فسفر نامحلول به همراه تلقیح میکروبی شامل تیمار شاهد (P0)، مصرف سنگ فسفات (RP)، تلقیح قارچ های حل کننده فسفات (RP+F)، تلقیح باکتری های حل کننده فسفات (RP+B)، تلقیح مخلوط قارچ و باکتری (RP+B+F) و مصرف فسفر محلول (PS) در سه تکرار انجام گرفت. بعد از برداشت، وزن خشک دانه و میزان فسفر آن اندازه گیری گردید و سپس شاخص های فسفرکارایی (PE)، کارایی جذب (PACE) و کارایی مصرف فسفر (PUTE) محاسبه گردیدند. نتایج نشان داد تیمارهای میکروبی اثر معنی داری (P < 0.01) بر عملکرد دانه، مقدار و غلظت فسفر دانه و شاخص های فسفرکارایی داشتند بطوریکه در تیمار شاهد فسفرکارایی ارقام بطور میانگین 49/0 بدست آمد که با تلقیح قارچ های حل کننده فسفات به 74/0، با تلقیح باکتری ها به 65/0 و با تلقیح توأم قارچ و باکتری به 69/0 افزایش یافت. در بین ارقام نیز اختلاف معنی داری (P < 0.01) در پارامترهای عملکرد و شاخص های کارایی مشاهده شد بطوریکه در شرایط کمبود فسفر رقم Obrukبا 1/5 گرم بیشترین و رقم Denmark با 5/2 گرم کمترین دانه را تولید کردند و رقم Rihane-03 کاراترین رقم در جذب فسفر (PACE) و رقم Yea-168 کاراترین رقم در مصرف فسفر (PUTE) بدست آمد. بنابراین می توان گفت با انتخاب ارقام فسفرکارا و استفاده از ریزجانداران حل کننده فسفات می توان جذب فسفر را از منابع سنگ فسفات و شکلهای نامحلول آن در خاک افزایش و مصرف کودهای شیمیایی را کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• جو
• ریزجانداران حل کننده فسفات
• سنگ فسفات
• فسفرکارایی

20.1001.1.20084757.1394.29.6.8.1

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Microbial Inoculation on Phosphorus Efficiency (PE) of Different Genotypes of Barley

نویسندگان [English]

• R. Mosavi ¹
• E. Sepehr ¹
• A. Samadi ¹
• Mirhasan Rasouli-Sadaghiani ²
• B. Sadeghzade ³

¹ Urmia University

²

³ System of Researches, Education and Agriculture Extension of Dame Firm, Marraghe

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Phosphorus (P) is regarded as the most important soil nutrient after nitrogen (N) for plant growth and development as it plays key roles in plant metabolism, structure and energy transformation. Also, although soil P is often abundant in both organic and inorganic forms, it is frequently a major or even the prime limiting factor for plant growth. Low phosphorus (P) availability is a major global global constraint to crop production. In most soils, soil and fertilizer P are easily bound by either soil organic matter or chemicals, and thus are unavailable to plants unless hydrolyzed to release inorganic phosphate. Phosphorus efficient plants play a major role in increasing crop yields due to shortage of inorganic P fertilizer resources, limited land and water resources, and increasing environmental concerns. Therefore, the development of P-efficient crop varieties that can grow and yield better with low P supply is a key for improving crop production. Enhancing P efficiency in plants can be achieved through enhancing P acquisition, utilization, or both.
Materials and Methods: In order to investigate the effect of microbial inoculation on phosphorus efficiency of different genotypes of barley, a glasshouse factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with 10 barley genotypes and different phosphorus (P) treatments including control (P0), phosphate rock (RP), RP inoculated with phosphate solubilizing fungi (RP+F), RP inoculated with phosphate solubilizing bacteria (RP+B), RP inoculated with both fungi and bacteria inoculums (RP+B+F), and soluble phosphate (PS) in three replications. After sieving (2 mm sieve), and, air - drying of soil samples, basal nutrients mixed thoroughly at the following soil test results. Then, soils placed in plastic pots (3 kg). The P treatments as (KH2PO4 and Rock Phosphate) 80 mg kg-1 soil added at the depth of 5-cm of soil. After 9 weeks the plants were harvested, grain dry weight (GDW) and grain P concentration measured and then content P (TP), P efficiency (PE), P acquisition efficiency (PACE) and P utilization efficiency (PUTE) were calculated.
Results and Discussion: The results indicated that microbial inoculation had significant effect (P

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• barley
• Phosphorus Efficiency
• Phosphate rock
• Phosphate-Solubilizing Microorganisms

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