اثر اسید هیومیک بر شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی کمبود آهن در گیاه کلزا (رقم هایولا 308)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• طالب نظری ¹
• مجتبی بارانی مطلق ²
• اسماعیل دردی پور ²
• رضا قربانی نصرآبادی ¹
• سمیه سفیدگر شاهکلایی ¹

¹ دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

² علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.v32i6.73520

چکیده

در این پژوهش، تأثیر کاربرد خاکی، محلول­پاشی و مصرف همراه با آب آبیاری اسیدهیومیک بر فرآهمی آهن، انواع کلروفیل و آنزیم­های گیاهی در گیاه کلزا (رقم هایولا 308) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 10 تیمار در 4 تکرار به اجرا درآمد که تیمارها شامل مصرف خاکی اسیدهیومیک در سه سطح (1، 2 و 4 گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک)، محلول­پاشی اسیدهیومیک در سه سطح (1/0، 2/0 و 4/0 درصد)، همراه با آب آبیاری در سه سطح (1000، 2000 و 4000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و تیمار شاهد بود. نتایج به­دست آمده نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار آهن کل برگ مربوط به تیمار 4/0 درصد محلول­پاشی و کمترین مقدار مربوط به تیمار شاهد بود. همچنین بیشترین مقدار آهن کل ساقه و آهن فعال به ترتیب با میانگین 85 و 86/44 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم مربوط به تیمار 2000 میلی­گرم بر لیتر مصرف همراه با آب آبیاری اسیدهیومیک بود. بیشترین مقادیر کلروفیل a، b و کلروفیل کل به ترتیب با میانگین 58/3، 79/1 و 37/5 در تیمار محلول‌پاشی اسیدهیومیک باسطح 4/0 درصد دیده شد. بیشترین مقدار فعالیت آنزیم­های گیاهی سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و گلوتاتیون ‌پراکسیداز به ترتیب با میانگین 20/4 و 95/1 (Iu /gr.fw) مربوط  تیمار 1/0 درصد محلول پاشی اسیدهیومیک و بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز با میانگین 46/4 (Iu /gr.fw) مربوط به تیمار 1000 میلی گرم در لیتر مصرف همراه با آب آبیاری بود. همچنین همبستگی منفی بین آنزیم­های گیاهی با انواع کلروفیل و آهن فعال وجود داشت. آهن فعال و آنزیم­های آنتی اکسیدان که نشان­دهنده آهن درون سیتوپلاسم سلول­اند، شاخص­های مناسبی برای ارزیابی تحمل به کمبود آهن در مقایسه با سنجش آهن کل برگ می­باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• آهن فعال
• آنزیم های گیاهی
• اسید هیومیک
• کلروفیل

20.1001.1.20084757.1397.32.6.12.6

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Humic Acid on Physiological indices of Iron Deficiency in Canola (Brassica napus) (cv. Hyola 308)

نویسندگان [English]

• Taleb Nazari ¹
• mojtaba barani ²
• Esmaeil dordipour ²
• Reza Ghorbani nasrabadi ¹
• Somayeh Sefidgar shahkolaie ¹

¹ Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources

² Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Fe is the first identified micronutrient for crops and required in higher amount than other micronutrients. Fe plays important roles in enzyme metabolism, protein metabolism, chlorophyll construction, chloroplast evolution, photosynthesis, respiration and reduction-oxidation reaction as well as organic acids metabolism. Iron, as an essential micronutrient, has great contribution in important antioxidant enzymes activity and through which affects plant tolerance against environmental stresses. Plant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase are among the most important enzymes scavenging the hydrogen peroxide have iron in their structure, so they affected by iron deficiency. In this study, the effect of soil, foliar and fertigation application of humic acid on iron availability, chlorophyll types and superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes in canola (Hyola 308) were evaluated.
Results and Discussion: Results showed that highest total iron content in plant leaves was obtained in 0.4 percent foliar application and the lowest was belonged to control treatment. Highest iron content in plant stem and active iron was obtained in humic acid application through irrigation at 2000 mg L-1 by 85 and 44.86 mg kg-1, respectively, and lowest amounts were obtained in control by 54.62 and 20.40 mg kg-1. Also, greatest concentration of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll were recorded under0.4 percent humic acid foliar application by 3.58, 1.79 and 5.37 and the lowest chlorophyll contents were associated to control. Highest activities for plant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were obtained under0.1 percent foliar application of humic acid by 4.20 and 1.95 (Iu/gr. FW) and the highest activity for catalase enzyme by 4.46 Iu/gr FW in 1000 mg L-1 humic acid through was irrigation and the lowest enzyme activity obtained in control treatment. Findings showed that application of various levels of humic acid increased plant enzyme activity compared to control in all of three application method (soil, foliar and application through irrigation water). Increasing humic acid concentration decreased enzyme activities. Also, there was negative correlation between activity of plant enzymes and concentation of chlorophyll types and active iron.
Conclusions: Active iron and antioxidant enzymes represent iron status within cell cytoplasm. Based on the results of this study, active iron concentration and activity of antioxidant enzymes are appropriate indices for evaluating plant tolerance to iron deficiency compared to assessing total iron content in leaves.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• active iron
• plant enzymes
• Humic acid
• Chlorophyll

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