برهمکنش باکتری‌ حل کننده فسفات و قارچ میکوریزا بر رشد و فراهمی فسفر سورگوم

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• عبدالحسین ضیائیان ¹
• علیرضا فرحبخش ²
• حسین بشارتی ³
• لادن جوکار ¹

¹ مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس

² دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات فارس

³ سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج

https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.v0i0.25651

چکیده

یکی از راه‌های مؤثر برای افزایش جذب فسفر در خاک‌های آهکی، استفاده از ریزجانداران خاکزی است. به منظور مطالعه نقش کاربرد باکتری‌های حل‌کننده فسفات و میکوریزا بر رشد و فراهمی فسفر سورگوم، آزمایشی گلدانی با 16 تیمار در سه تکرار، به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایشی ترکیبی از چهار سطح صفر، 25، 50 و 75 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم P2O5 از منبع سوپر فسفات تریپل، دو تیمار تلقیح و عدم تلقیح با باکتری حل کننده فسفات و دو تیمار تلقیح و عدم تلقیح با میکوریزا بود. نتایج نشان داد که با استفاده از باکتری‌ حل کننده فسفات قطر ساقه، عملکرد ماده خشک، جذب فسفر و مقدار فسفر در خاک پس از برداشت افزایش معنی‌داری یافت. تلقیح قارچ میکوریز نیز تاثیر معنی‌داری (P

کلیدواژه‌ها

• ریزجانداران خاک
• خاک ها آهکی
• کودهای زیستی
• کودهای شیمیایی

20.1001.1.20084757.1395.30.5.20.8

عنوان مقاله [English]

Interaction Effects of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Mycorrhiza on the Growth and Phosphorus uptakeof Sorghum

نویسندگان [English]

• Abdolhossein ziaeyan ¹
• Ali Reza Farahbakhash ²
• Hossein Besharati ³
• lLadan Joukar ¹

¹ Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO

² Islamic Azad University

³ Soil and Water Research Institute, AREEO

چکیده [English]

Introduction: The most abundant of agricultural soils in Iran, are calcareous. In calcareous soils, phosphorus fertilizers use efficiency is low. The usage of soil microorganisms is one of the effective ways to increment the uptake of phosphorus in calcareous soils. This microorganisms using various mechanisms, including the production of plant hormones or the production of organic and inorganic acids to dissolve the insoluble phosphorous compounds. Mycorrhizal symbiosis is also one of the most recognized and important symbiosis relationship found in the world. In a mycorrhizal symbiosis,plants can be able to absorb more nutrients and water from soil and fungus plays a protective role as a growth enhancer and make the plants more tolerable to biotic (pathogens) and abiotic (drought, cold and salinity) stresses .This research conducted to study phosphate solubilizing bacteria and mycorrhiza roles on sorghum growth and phosphorus availability to this plant.
Materials and methods: To achieve the desired goals, a pot experiment was conducted as a factorial in completely randomized design with sixteen treatments in three replications. The treatments were combination of four P levels of zero, 25, 50, and 75 mg kg-1 P2O5 from triple super phosphate source, the two treatments of inoculation and without inoculation of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the two treatments of inoculation and no inoculation of mycorrizal fungus. Required fertilizers based on initial soil test results were supplied. Accordingly, the same amount of nitrogen, 80 mg kg-1 (30 mg kg-1 before planting and 50 mg kg-1 after planting twice) as urea source, 10 mg Zn kg-1 and 5 mg kg-1 Cu per kg soil as the forms of Zinc sulphate (ZnSO4.7H2O) and copper sulphate (CuSO4.H2O) were added to each soil sample. Required Phosphorus also was calculated based on treatments and added to potting soil. Each pot size was 5 kg. every sample was thoroughly mixed and then were placed in pots. At the same time the seeds were inoculated. In harvesting time, some parameters such as plant height and diameter, wet and dry foliage yield, and phosphorous uptake were measured and analyzed statistically. After harvesting time also soils phosphorous content were measured and analyzed.
Results Discussion: The results indicated that by utilizing the phosphate solubilizing bacteria, stem diameter, dry matter yield, phosphorous uptake, and soils phosphorous content after harvesting significantly increased. These findings indicated that the use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria affected plant growth. Such results have been previously reported. Ramezanian (31) reported that application of PGPR will be increase wheat stem height and diameter. Li et al (18) and Larsen et al (16) reported that soil microorganisms, including growth promoting bacteria through a variety of mechanisms such as ACC deaminase production or an increase in available phosphorus can stimulate plant growth and increase height and diameter of the stem. Glick et al (13) showed that plant growth promoting bacteria through the production of plants hormones increases plant height and stem diameter, and ultimately improve plants yield. Increases yield of plants through the use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria previously has been reported by other studies. Mycorrizal inoculation also had a significant effect (P

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Biofertilizers
• Calcareous soils
• Chemical Fertilizers
• Soil microorganisms

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