تأثیر کاربرد کود گاوی و ورمی‌کمپوست بر جزء‌بندی و قابلیت استفاده روی و مس در کشت گندم

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• علیرضا حسین پور
• حمیدرضا متقیان

دانشگاه شهرکرد

https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.v30i6.47458

چکیده

استفاده از کودهای آلی یکی از راه‌های افزودن عناصر به خاک‌های کشاورزی با ماده ‌آلی کم است. کودهای آلی مختلف، تأثیرات متفاوتی بر قابلیت استفاده عناصر در خاک دارند. در این تحقیق، قابلیت استفاده (با روش‌های DTPA-TEA، AB-DTPA و مهلیچ 3) و جز‌ء‌بندی روی و مس در یک خاک آهکی تیمار شده با سطوح 0، 5/0 و 1 درصد (وزنی-وزنی) کود گاوی و ورمی‌کمپوست در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی مقایسه شد. همچنین، در خاک‌های تیمار شده و شاهد در شرایط گلخانه‌ای، گیاه گندم کشت گردید. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تیمارها بر مقدار روی عصاره گیری شده با روش‌های مختلف معنی‌دار (01/0>P) بود. در حالی‌که اثر تیمارها بر مس عصاره‌گیری ‌شده با روش‌های مختلف معنی‌دار نبود (05/0P) بود، در حالی‌که اثر تیمارها بر اجزاء مس معنی‌دار نبود (05/0>P). روی و مس عصاره‌گیری ‌شده با DTPA-TEA و AB-DTPA همبستگی معنی‌داری (05/0>P) با جزء پیوند شده با اکسیدهای آهن و منگنز داشتند. ضرایب همبستگی بدست آمده نشان دادند که بین ماده خشک و جذب روی با روی عصاره‌گیری شده با DTPA-TEA، AB-DTPA، مهلیچ 3 و روی پیوند شده با اکسیدهای آهن و منگنز همبستگی معنی‌داری (05/0>P) وجود داشت. در حالی‌که بین شاخص‌های گندم و مس عصاره‌گیری ‌شده با روش‌های مختلف و اجزاء آن همبستگی معنی‌داری وجود نداشت (05/0

کلیدواژه‌ها

• اجزاء روی
• اجزاء مس
• کود آلی
• گندم
• ورمی‌کمپوست

20.1001.1.20084757.1395.30.6.21.1

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Cow Manure and Vermicompost Application on Fractionation and Availability of Zinc and Copper in wheat planting

نویسندگان [English]

• Alireza Hosseinpur`
• hamid reza motaghian

Shahrekord University

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Application of organic fertilizers in agricultural soils with low organic matter content is one of the best ways of nutrientsaddition to these soils. Different organic fertilizers have different effects on nutrient availability in soil. Moreover study of the distribution of nutrients in the soil allows investigating their mobility and bioavailability. The nutrients availability and kinetics of nutrients desorption into the soil solution is often closely related to the distribution of nutrients to different fractions in the soil. It has been assumed that the factors influencing metal fractionation and availability in soil include rate of amendment application, amount of nutrients in amendment, root-induced pH changes, metal binding by root exudates, root-induced changes of microbial activities, and metal depletion because of plant uptake.
Materials and Methods: In this study, availability and fractionation of Zinc (Zn) and Copper (Cu) were compared in one calcareous soil amended with 0, 0.5, and 1% (w/w) of cow manure and vermicompost in a completely randomized design. Also, wheat was planted in treated and untreated soils in greenhouse condition.Available Zn and Cu were determined using different methods (DTPA-TEA, AB-DTPA, and Mehlich 3). For Zn and Cu fractionation, the soil samples were sequentially extracted using an operationally defined sequential fractionation procedure, based on that employed by Tessier et al. (1979) in which increasingly strong extractants were used to release Zn and Cu associated with different soil fractions. Five Zn and Cu -fractions were extracted in the following sequence: Step 1: exchangeable fraction (a 8 ml volume of 1.0 MNaOAc (pH= 8.2) for 120 min. at room temperature)., Step 2: carbonate-associated fraction (a 8 ml volume of 1.0 MNaOAc adjusted to pH 5.0 with acetic acid for 6 h at room temperature, Step 3: iron-manganese oxides-associated fraction (20 ml of 0.04 M NH2OH.HCl in 25% (v/v) HOAc for 6 h at 96 0C)., Step 4: organic matter-associated fraction (3 ml of 0.02 N HNO3 adjusted to pH 2 and 5 ml 30% H2O2 (adjusted to pH 2.0 with HNO3) and at 85 0C for 2 h in sequence, followed by 3 ml of 30% H2O2 (adjusted to pH 2.0 with HNO3) the sample was heated to 85 0C for 3 h with intermittent agitation. After cooling, 5 ml of 3.2 M NH4OAc in 20% (v/v) HNO3 was added and agitated continuously for 30 min. Finally step 5: residual fraction was determined using 4 M HNO3 (a 12.5 ml volume of 4 M HNO3, for 16 h at 80 0C). Concentrations of Zn and Cu in all extractants were determined by AAS.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that the effect of treatments on amount of extracted Zn by different methods were significant (P0.05). The minimum and maximum of extracted Zn by DTPA-TEA were in untreated soil (0.73 mg/kg) and treated soils with 1% manure (1.30 mg/kg) and treated soils with 1% manure (1.17 mg/kg), respectively. The results showed that the effect of treatments on Zn associated with Fe-Mn oxides and Zn associated with organic matter was significant (P0.05). The correlation between extracted Zn and Cu by DTPA-TEA and AB-DTPA with Fe-Mn oxides fraction were significant (P

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Copper fractions
• Organic manure
• Vermicompost
• wheat
• Zinc fractions

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