اثرسکوسترین آهن بر رشد گیاه سویا و توزیع شکل‌های شیمیایی آهن در خاک‌های استان فارس

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• لیلا تابنده ¹
• محمدرضا بخشی ²

¹ مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی فارس

² گروه خاک و آب سازمان جهاد کشاورزی زنجان، ایران

https://doi.org/10.22067/jsw.v31i4.56933

چکیده

از بین عناصر کم مصرف مورد نیاز گیاهان، آهن، محدودیت‌های زیادی را برای محصولات کشاورزی استان فارس به خود اختصاص داده است.در یک آزمایش گلخانه‌ای،اثر کود سکوسترینآهن 138 بر رشد و ترکیب شیمیایی رقم ویلیامز (Glycine max L.)سویا به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و با سه تکرار، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. تیمارها،شامل 3سطح کودی از منبع سکوسترین آهن (شاهد، 5 و10میلی‌گرم برکیلوگرم خاک) و10 نمونه خاک‌می‌باشند. کاربرد آهن، منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار وزن خشک، غلظت و جذب آهن و کاهش معنی‌دار غلظت و جذب روی، مس و منگنز در گیاه سویا گردید.سکوسترین آهن، اثر معنی‌داری بر شکل‌های قابل استخراج باعصاره‌گیرهای دی‌تی‌پی‌ا، ای‌دی‌تی‌ا، شکل‌های آلی و تبادلی آهن نشان داد. شکلآلی اهن، با مقدار آهن قابل استفاده گیاهی (عصاره‌گیری شده با دی‌تی‌پی‌ا)، همبستگی مثبت معنی‌دار داشت. همچنین، بسیاری از ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک‌های آهکی مورد مطالعه، با برخی از شکل‌های شیمیایی و مقدار جذب آهن گیاهی، همبستگی معنی‌داری نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• آهن
• ای‌دی‌تی‌ا
• دی‌تی‌پی‌ا
• عصاره‌گیری دنباله‌ای
• ویژگی‌های فیزیکو شیمیایی خاک

20.1001.1.20084757.1396.31.4.13.6

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of Fe-EDDHA on Soybean and Distribution of Chemical Forms of Iron in Soils of Fars Province

نویسندگان [English]

• leila tabande ¹
• M. R.Bakhshi ²

¹ Master of Science,Soil and Water Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran

² Master of Science,Department of Soil & Water, Jihad Agriculture Organization, Zanjan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Among essential plant microelements, iron (Fe) exert the highest restriction of crop production in Fars Province. Trace elements in the soil is composed of forms into 5 groups. These are the water-soluble and variable, adsorbed, chelate creating with complex compounds, secondary clay minerals, forms insoluble metal oxide minerals, and primary minerals. Water-soluble, changeable, adsorbed or form in chelates to be present as balance in the soil is noted and to be important for plants in nutrition.
Materials and Methods
In a greenhouse experiment was done with Soybean planting, the effects of Fe chelate (FeEDDHA) fertilizer levels on William cultivar of soybean (Glycine max L.) growth and chemical composition were studied by using a completely randomized design with 3 replications. Treatments were consisted of 10 soil samples and 3 levels of Fe applications (control, 5 and 10 mg.kg-1 as Fe EDDHA). Beside some physical and chemical soil properties and Extractable iron content with DTPA and EDTA were determined. By sequential extraction methods of Singh & Sposito ( 1982), chemical forms of Iron, exchangeable iron (Exch-Fe), organic bounded iron (OM-Fe), amorph iron oxides bounded iron (AFeOX-Fe), crystal iron oxides bounded iron (CFeOX-Fe) contents of soils were determined. Then, Concentration and uptake of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in plant were calculated.
Results and Discussion
carbonate, organically, amorphous oxide, crystalline iron oxide bounded and residual forms of iron were 0.0053, 0.0016, 0.44, 21.1 and 78.6% of the total iron as average, respectively. Therefore, content of carbonate, organically bound iron of soil, represented only a small fraction would not be considered as important as the total iron. In other words, crystalline iron oxide bound iron and residue iron forms constitued an important part of total iron.
Considering the average iron content of the soil related to chemical forms of iron was arrenged such as:
Res-Fe>CFeOX-Fe>AFeOX-Fe>Car-Fe> OM-Fe > Exch.-Fe
Applications of Fe had significant effect on dry matter, concentration, and uptake of Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn, extractable forms via extracting DTPA, EDTA, organic and exchangeable forms in soybean compared to control. Among chemical forms of iron, organic form with the amount of available iron plant (extraction by DTPA) had significant positive correlation. Also, many of the physical and chemical properties of calcareous soils studied, were significantly correlated with some chemical forms and amount of iron uptake by plant. DTPA extractable iron had negative correlation with pH ( R2= 0.514*) and EDTA extractable iron had positive correlation with organic matter (R2= 0.428*).
Conclusions
Application of Fe EDDHA, was leaded to significant increase organic and plant available (DTPA) forms of iron and due to significant regression equation (r=0.435*) between two chemical forms of iron (organic and DTPA extracted), it can be inferred that, the bulk of available iron plant was in form of organically bound. One reason for the positive reaction to the use of Fe EDDHA, subjected to a significant increase absorbable forms of iron in the studied soils.
Keywords: Chemical and Physical properties of soil, DTPA, EDTA, Iron, Sequential extraction

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Chemical and Physical properties of soil
• DTPA
• EDTA
• Iron
• Sequential Extraction

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