M. Zahedifar; S.A.A. Moosavi; M. Rajabi
Abstract
Management and chemical quality of groundwater is very important in arid regions. Fasa plain (in Fars province) is an arid-semi arid region in Iran, that almost all of its residents are using groundwater in agricultural activities. Recent water shortages resulted in deepens water table, salinization ...
Read More
Management and chemical quality of groundwater is very important in arid regions. Fasa plain (in Fars province) is an arid-semi arid region in Iran, that almost all of its residents are using groundwater in agricultural activities. Recent water shortages resulted in deepens water table, salinization and reduced groundwater quality in this area. Studying the spatial variability and zoning of the chemical quality attributes of water in order to optimum utilization and management of soil and water resources is one of the practical methods in conservation of these resources. Therefore, the spatial variability for some of groundwater quality attributes in 80 wells located in Fasa plain of Fars province including total hardness, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, pH, soluble cations (calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium) and anions (sulfate, chloride, and bicarbonate) concentration was studied and attributes were estimated by applying geostatistical methods. The suitable estimation method was determined and zoning of the studied area was done for each studied attributes. The spatial variability structure of studied attributes followed the spherical and exponential models having the range parameters of 6700 to 140600 m belonging to the moderate to strong spatial correlation classes. The Ordinary Point Kriging was determined as the suitable estimating method that used for preparing the maps of water quality zoning. The quality of groundwaters in the southern half of the studied area was lower than that of the northern half, therefore, the more sensitive management in utilization of water resources and in using of agricultural systems is needed in order to avoiding the deterioration of water quality and worsening of groundwater status that is directly related to the residents livelihood.
M. Zahedifar; N. Karimian; A.M. Ronaghi; J. Yasrebi; Y. Emam
Abstract
Abstract
In order to determine the time of maximum demand of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to phosphorous fertilizers and P and zinc (Zn) distribution in different parts of wheat at various growth stages and study their relation to the contents of these elements in soil P and Zn under field conditions, ...
Read More
Abstract
In order to determine the time of maximum demand of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to phosphorous fertilizers and P and zinc (Zn) distribution in different parts of wheat at various growth stages and study their relation to the contents of these elements in soil P and Zn under field conditions, samples were collected from different parts of the plants at seven growth stages (i.e., the end of tillering to the complete seed ripening) and analyzed for P and Zn. Soil under the plants were also sampled, simultaneously, and analyzed for the same nutrients. The experimental plots consisted of three 5-ha fields located at Bajgah Experiment Station, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran (52 32 E, 29 36 N, 1810 m above mean sea level). Samples were taken during 2007-2008. Shoot P and Zn concentrations decreased as the growth proceeded from the end of tillering to the complete seed ripening stage. Phosphorus and Zn concentrations of flag leaf and stem increased from milk development toward complete seed ripening (stages 7 to 9), whereas those of spickle increased. Certain relation between soil and plant P or Zn was not found in the present study. The similarity of the P and Zn changes in flag leaf and stem suggests that flag leaf concentration of P and Zn (i.e., an almost non destructive analysis) can be used for evaluation of nutritional status of winter wheat plants under the field conditions.
Keywords: Flag leaf analysis, Wheat growth stages, Zadoks decimal codes, Spickle analysis
